< br / > < / span > < / p > < br / > < span style = "font - size: 16 px; The molecular structures of water-soluble surfactants all have the characteristics of asymmetry and polarity. The molecule contains both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups. Due to this asymmetric polar structure, the surfactant is directionally adsorbed at the interface between the aqueous solution and other phases, which greatly changes the physical properties of the system, especially the interfacial tension at the interface of each phase. According to the electrical properties exhibited by the hydrophilic groups when surfactants dissolve in water, surfactants can be classified into anionic, cationic, neutral and amphoteric surfactants.



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