(1)

(2) 0.5W/cm2, the direct flow can be seen with the naked eye, and the flow is generated perpendicularly to the vibration surface. The flow rate is approximately 10cm/s. This direct flow stirs the micro-oil dirt on the surface of the object to be cleaned, and the cleaning liquid on the dirt surface also generates convection. The dissolved liquid that dissolves the dirt mixes with the new liquid, accelerating the dissolution speed and playing a significant role in the transportation of the dirt.